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Dinosaur and bird fossils are frequently found in a characteristic posture consisting of head thrown back, tail extended, and mouth wide open. The cause of this posture—sometimes called a "death pose"—has been a matter of scientific debate. Traditional explanations ranged from strong ligaments in the animal's neck desiccating and contracting to draw the body into the pose,〔http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/dinosaurs/sauropod/deathpose.php〕 to water currents randomly arranging the remains in the position.〔http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/articles.php?issue=14&article=features03_fossils〕 Faux and Padian suggested in 2007 that the live animal was suffering opisthotonus during its death throes, and that the pose is not the result of any post-mortem process at all. They also reject the idea of water as responsible for randomly arranging the bodies in a "death pose", as different parts of the body and the limbs can be in different directions, which they found unlikely to be the result of moving water.〔Padian K & Faux M (2007), ("The opisthotonic posture of vertebrate skeletons: post-mortem contraction or death throes?" ), ''Paleobiology'' 33(2): p. 201-226.〕 They also found that the claim that drying out of ligaments would make the position does not seem believable either. Alicia Cutler and colleagues from Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, think it is related to water.〔Brian Switek. (Watery secret of the dinosaur death pose ). 23 November 2011〕 In 2012, paleontologists Achim G. Reisdorf and Michael Wuttke published a study regarding death poses. According to the conclusions of this study, the so-called "opisthotonic posture" is not the result of a cerebral illness creating muscle spasms, and also not of a rapid burial. Rather, peri-mortem submersion resulted in buoyancy that enabled the Ligamentum elasticum to pull the head and tail back. 〔Reisdorf, A.G. & Wuttke, M. (2012). ("Re-evaluating Moodie’s Opisthotonic-Posture Hypothesis in Fossil Vertebrates Part I: Reptiles—the taphonomy of the bipedal dinosaurs ''Compsognathus longipes'' and ''Juravenator starki'' from the Solnhofen Archipelago (Jurassic, Germany)" ). ''Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments'', 92(1): 119-168. .〕 Image:Ornithomimus edmontonicus.jpg|''Ornithomimus'' Image:Struthiomimus skeleton jconway.jpg|''Struthiomimus''. Image:Gorgosaurus death pose.jpg|''Gorgosaurus''. Image:Archaeopteryx_lithographica_(Berlin_specimen).jpg|''Archaeopteryx''. Image:Messelornis.JPG|''Messelornis''. Image:Sapeornis chaoyangensis.JPG|''Sapeornis''. Image:9119 - Milano, Museo storia naturale - Scipionyx samniticus - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto 22-Apr-2007.jpg|''Scipionyx''. ==See also== *''Shenzhousaurus'' - fossil found in death pose *Taphonomy 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Death pose」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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